Shell translucent. Last whorl distinctly shouldered. Suture weakly impressed. 2015; Jayashankar et al. Henscomb Hydrobe Identify your shells using our popular photo guide to southwest Florida shells from Sanibel Island and beyond. Proc. Spurwinkia: Morphology, systematics, and ecology of a new genus of North American marshland Hydrobiidae (Mollusca: Gastropoda). 160, 163, 166). The Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer . (Pilsbry, 1889). Floridobia porterae (Conrad, 1834). Spilochlamys conica Sculpture consisting of distinct spiral striations and threads superimposed on growth striations (Fig. 15, 18). (Lea, 1862). 47). Elimia dickinsoni Carib Fossaria Shell usually planispiral, but two species may have a flat-topped, elevated spire. The Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services has mapped out a . 159-196). Being nocturnal, these pests aren't always feeding when you're scouting. NERITIDAE It can grow to a length of 16 inches (400 millimeters) and is easily identifiable by the left-handed opening of the shell - meaning when you look at the shell, the opening is on the left. 180-193). Shell without conical spines, although spiral threads may be present. Definitive identifications may require anatomical dissections and reference to other literature. Floridobia vanhyningi 39). Aperture large, oval, much more than half the length of shell. Shell ovate in shape, about 1.2-1.5 times as high as wide. The aquatic snail fauna of the southeastern United States has long been recognized for its richness and diversity. Bayou Physa Size small, discoidal, adults seldom exceeding 4 mm in width. Sculptured with fine incremental striations and a few fine spiral striations (difficult to distinguish except with transmitted light). Adult shells about 40 70 mm high (Fig. (Thompson, 1968). Essentially identical shells occur repeatedly among unrelated genera and subfamilies. Only Elimia is found in Florida. Thick-shelled Hydrobe The genus is difficult to diagnose by shell characters because the three species are very dissimilar. Suture of whorls more deeply impressed than in previous species. Define Invasive Species: must have ALL of the following -. This genus of minute freshwater snails is endemic to the Florida peninsula. Six species are known to occur in Florida. Shell obese and ponderous. Aperture loosely attached to or slightly free from preceding whorl. 112), occurs in the Ocmulgee River system in Georgia. Each snail has both female and male reproductive organs, so they can reproduce rapidly. Body whorl rounded (Fig. Incremental striations uniformly weak. Base of shell usually without spiral band. Contents 1 Shell description 2 Distribution 3 Ecology 4 References 5 Further reading Shell description [ edit] Five views of a shell of Pomacea paludosa (Thompson, 1968). (Thompson, 1968). Aphaostracon monas Seminole Rams-horn The genus Viviparus (Viviparidae) in North America. Shell relatively thin. Sides of spire concave in outline (Fig. Apex very obtuse, almost in the middle of the shell. After the shells are thoroughly rinsed, they can be air-dried in cardboard trays. Suture deeply impressed, forming a channel. Introduction to the Physidae (Gastropoda, Hydophila): biogeograhy, classification, morphology. The lymnaeid fauna of the southeast is particularly depauperate compared to more northern and western regions of the continent. The manual treats only those genera that occur in freshwater. M-879 CONE SNAIL, Conus floridanus A small and less poisonous species, no one has ever died or been stung by one of these slow-movers, but like all cones, they have a venomous proboscis. Shell with darker colored spiral chords that may be smooth or wavy. Shell small, about 3.0-3.5 mm long; adult with 4.4-4.8 whorl; lower corner of aperture tending to be angulate with fluted channel (Fig. Thiarids are found in tropical and subtropical regions of the world. The HYDROBIIDAE include over 200 genera and approximately 1000 species. Length of shell 3.0-4.0 mm (Fig. When trying to identify the type of snail, the easiest method is to check it out closely. 1934. Review of the Planorbidae of Florida with notes on other members of the family. Sculptured with regularly spaced, fine, incremental threads and spiral striations; spiral striations evident only on base of whorls in some specimens. Hershler, R. & F. G. Thompson. 1945. 41-43). Serrated Crownsnail The reappearance of an invasive snail species forced state officials to enact a quarantine order two weeks ago for residents of Florida's Pasco County, an area north of Tampa along the gulf. Aperture of shell closed by an operculum (snail must be collected live because the operculum is lost soon after death). Similarities in appearance among the exotic species can make identification very difficult. Apical whorls pointed and raised, but not scalariform. Types of Shells In Florida: Seashell Identification Guide It lurks nearly a foot beneath the dunes of Sanibel Island. The author has attempted to simplify the key to include the minimum anatomical data needed for accurate identification. Shell rounded at the periphery (Figs. (Fig. Shell planispiral, adults large, 35-50 mm (Figs. Ampullariids have been referred to as PILIDAE in earlier editions of this manual. Shell conical, spire moderatly high. 5: 1-140. Pilsbry, H. A. Shell usually with raised spiral threads around periphery, frequently the uppermost thread has conical or triangular spines (Figs. Outer lip straightened just below shoulder; straightened portion lying at an angle to axis of shell (Figs. Giant African Land Snail Identification Sheet - Florida Commissioner of . Snails have invaded some local areas throughout northern Santa Rosa and Escambia Counties this summer. Penis with a dense pattern of superior tubercles. Pewter Physa It is globose in shape, body whorls are wide, spire is depressed, and the aperature is narrowly oval (Burch 1982). Aperture free from, or only in slight contact with, preceding whorl. Biomphalaria havanensis Suture relatively shallow. Parapical crest of verge greatly enlarged. Applesnails are tropical to subtropical organisms and cannot survive below 50F in the winter (Florida DOACS, 2002). Melanoides tuberculata (Muller) in Florida. Umbilicus closed. (Mller, 1774). Our state park system has won national awards . Shell elongate, thin, transparent, grayish. Embryonic shell smooth, without spiral chords (Fig. A single glandular crest present on apex of terminal lobe (Figs. Shell with a brownish hue. Curator of Malacology Penis with 17-50 papillae along right margin arranged in 3-5 rows (Fig. 64). The reader will discover how very little we know about any genus occurring in Florida. Armored Siltsnail 130). Apex of shell flat, though it may be raised above the periphery of the last whorl (Figs. The snails are tan colored, high and conical, with mature snails about to 1-inch long. 48). 2018). Apex suppressed to form a nearly flat plane with the peripheral angle (Figs.165-167). 58). Wekiwa Hydrobe Generally with distinct axial and spiral striations. Length of shell 2.0-2.4 mm (Fig. Lip of adult shell usually with a thick crest externally and an internal callus. It matters not that the specimens are stored in 70 percent alcohol after having been fixed in formalin. Shell thick and solid; whorls weakly convex or flattened (Figs. Shell with or without bands; slender; Suture deeply impressed; upper whorls with a strongly carinate periphery (Fig. Spire depressed, much less than height of aperture, occasionally planular (Figs. 91). The basic shell morphology of the PLANORBIDAE is left-handed, or sinistral (FIGS. Umbilicus broad, shallow (Fig. (Say, 1825). (Aguayo, 1935). Floridobia leptospira Hello Bruce. Umbilicus narrow (Figs. Shell usually small to medium (2-25 mm). Shell larger, 2.8-4.6 mm long; adults with 4.0-4.9 whorls; spire longer, 0.9-1.3 times height of aperture; superior tubercles not arranged in oblique longitudinal series. Height of shell about 14-16 mm; width, 10-12 mm (Figs. Penis with 5-15 papillae along right margin arranged in 1-2 rows (Fig. Alligator Siltsnail 1965. Umbilicus narrow, without a strong circum-umbilical ridge, outer lip without a callus on inner surface. There were no references to cover the entire state. Rhapinema dacryon Height of shell about 23-26 mm (Figs. Bantam Hydrobe Shell with prominent ribs and spiral chords on all whorls. Video. Ph.D. thesis, University of Michigan, i-xii, 1-324. 56). (Thompson, 1968). Columellar margin of aperture wide, rounded in front like a spindle. Shell with three whorls. "If you see one of these snails,. Specimens then are placed in a fixative such as 10 percent formalin or Bouins Solution. Malacological Review, 19: 85-86. Work through the questions, each time choosing the characteristic that best matches your snail from the two choices. The molluscan family Planorbidae. This study was a landmark contribution to the malacology of the southeast, and it summarized the known fauna of western Florida. Micromenetus brogniartiana Operculum loosely coiled, with 3.75 large whorls, the outer one expanding more rapidly than the others (Figs. Apex with fine radial striations (Figs. 118). On sibling species and genetic diversity in Florida Goniobasis (Gastropoda, Prosobranchia, Pleuroceridae). Newborn young about 4.5 mm in diameter (this can be determined by removing juveniles from brood pouch). 11). Thompson, F. G. 1969. Parietal margin of operculum concave (Fig. Aperture ovate; broadly attached to preceding whorl. Univ. Shell minute, 2.0-2.3 mm long; thin and transparent; spire 0.7-1.1 times length of aperture; flagellum lacking glandular crests. Shell conical, thick, opaque. These are white, which is the more prized color in. Shell variable in shape, elongate to globose; usually not more than 5 mm in length; apex of spire seldom eroded (except in Somatogyrus); 4-6 whorls; shell smooth (except in Pyrgophorus and Tryonia); central tooth of radula with basal cusps (Figs. Littoridinops is found most frequently in brackish water, although the three species found in Florida also occur in frehswater. Outer lip partially flattened in adults. Florida's Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services said that a Pasco County master gardener reported seeing a giant African land snail in the New Port Richey area on June 23. A press release sent from FDACS said that a gastropod enthusiast in Coconut Grove discovered the snail and sent it to the University of Florida for identification. Peristome ovate to subcircular. Penis with a single papilla along left margin (Fig. Pseudosuccinea columella Revista de Biologia Trpical, 51 (supplement): 1-299. Few of the North American species have been studied to the extent that their taxonomy, geographic distributions, life histories, and ecology are documented. The giant African snails detected in New Port Richey, Florida are unrelated to the population of giant African snails eradicated from Broward and Miami Dade counties last year. The focus on most investigations was on rivers north of Florida, and little attention was given to the Florida fauna. Bulletin of the Environmental Protection Agency, EPA-600/3-82-026: i-vi, 1-294. Mimic Pondsnail Last whorl flattened above. However, formalin is an excellent fixative for short-term preservation. Live field samples should be divided into two groups, one to be preserved for shells, the other to be preserved for anatomical specimens. Smooth-ribbed Hydrobe 60). Fawn Melania 96). Suture deeply impressed. This pest remains a threat in Florida, Hawaii and the Caribbean. Suture not as deeply impressed as in 77b. 45). Slackwater Elimia Malacological Review, 12: 41-49. Planorbid snails are restricted to fresh water and occur worldwide, being found on all continental landmasses and many oceanic islands. Texture dull. Shell sculpture with incremental striations only. Aperture loosely attached to or widely separated from preceding whorl. Apex smooth, with no trace of radial striations (Fig. Operculum neomelanian, with a small, rapidly expanding nucleus located near the basal margin (Fig. Seashell Identification Identify your Florida Gulf Coast seashells! Shell conical with strongly arched whorls and a deeply impressed suture. 75). Shell with or without bright bands; with low wavy growth wrinkles; large but not robust, 23-28 mm long. This is not the first time Florida has dealt with an invasion of giant snails. Aperture comma-shaped, tightly appressed against preceding whorl. The family attains its greatest diversity in Southeast Asia. Campeloma parthenum 6). Penis filament black. Sculpture variable. Shell conical or globose-conical; thin, translucent, occasionally opaque. Suwannee Hydrobe Prominent minor spiral sculpture along periphery. Thompson, F. G. 1983. Acad. Indented Duskysnail Shell subcircular, smooth, often encrusted with dark material. We Floridians have so much to be proud of. Interior of adult aperture with brownish tinge. It occurs in India, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, Nepal, Pakistan and Brazil (Figure 1) (Raut and Ghose 1984; Biswas et al. (Pilsbry and Johnson, 1903). Seminole Siltsnail 203, 209). 60). (Clench & Turner, 1956). Apex less than 0.4 times length of shell. Nuclear whorl 0.29-0.33 mm in diameter. Shell ovate, smooth or with fine raised riblets; riblets usually on the anterior slope when present. 61). Body whorl relatively rapidly expanding in diameter (Fig. Occasionally it may be necessary to turn to other information sources to determine identifications with a greater degree of certainty.. Hydrobiids are small- to medium-sized operculate snails that live primarily in brackish and fresh water. The specie prefer quite clear water, of lakes and backwaters of streams andsprings. 197-209). In the USA, it was first identified in New Orleans in 1939, but now is found in the Gulf Coast states from Florida to Texas, as well as in Puerto Rico and Hawaii. Shell nearly smooth, sculptured with irregular growth striations. This is essential in the case of the Hydrobiidae. Aphaostracon asthenes (Goodrich, 1924). Apical whorls bluntly rounded and not conspicuously elevated. Shell discoidal, grayish-white in color; transparent when fresh. Only genera that enter fresh water are treated. Bright pink egg masses are laid on . Whorls of spire less rounded. The greatest diversity of genera and species is in the Indo-Australian region. Throughout the 19th and 20th Centuries malacologists made frequent field trips to explore river systems that were poorly known, and to revisit others that were renown for their rich and unique assemblages of species. Click on any of the seashell identification photos for information about each shell, where they were found, who found these shells and so much more. CLICK ON EACH PHOTO Fallen Angel Wing -Atlantic Mud Piddock Boring Angel Wing- Striate Piddock Rice Olive 1978. 17, 29-32), shell usually banded in Florida forms. Clench, W.J. Marsh Sprite Little is known about these animals, and diverse opinions exist as to how many species are recognizable. Thick-lipped Rams-horn Shell globose with a short depressed spire; body whorl ample; umbilicus closed. Shell keeled or strongly angular at the periphery (Figs. The . Average length about 5.5 mm (Figs. Penis of males with papillae along sides (Figs. Stately Elimia Land Snail (Bulimulus sporadicus)A large group of Bulimulus sporadicus found in the Florida panhandle. Penis with a small blade-like flagellum along right margin and a heavy mid-ventral ridge that bears 8-11 narrow transverse dermal glands; other glands present on terminal lobe and flagellum (Figs. Kites belong to the same bird family as hawks and eagles, Accipittridae. Parietal margin of operculum slightly convex in outline (Fig. Elimia clenchi Widely umbilicate. 169, 172). Penis with invaginated cave-like pit within U-shaped superior tubercles. The VIVIPARINAE is widely distributed throughout Europe, Asia and eastern North America. Whorls 3.0-4.0. 70, 71). Haitia cubensis Radula with tricuspid lateral teeth (Fig. Sides of spire straight-sided in outline. Penis with one papilla on left margin (Fig. Shell conical or cylindric-conical. 80). Four species currently are recognized, but the genus has received very little study over most of its range. Pomacea paludosa, common name the Florida applesnail, is a species of freshwater snail with an operculum, an aquatic gastropod mollusk in the family Ampullariidae, the apple snails . Apex nearly straight-sided or concave in outline. Periphery of last whorl bluntly angular, lying below plane of apex (Figs. Te, G.A. Those had gray-brown flesh. The species was eradicated again in 2021 after being detected in 2011 in Miami-Dade County, according to FDACS. Umbilicus closed or narrowly perforate. JACKSONVILLE, Fla. - An invasive giant African snail that has already had to be eradicated twice in the last 50 years in Florida is back and one county is on high alert. Apical whorls depressed; body whorl obtusely angular above and sharply carinated around funnel-shaped umbilicus. 57). Female shell about 4-6 mm long (Figs. They are brown in color and have a striped pattern. Shell grayish-white. However, this appears to be an over reduction, and several southern species were synonymized that appear worthy of recognition. The planorbid snail Micromenetus dilatatus avus in the West Indies and Central America. Vernacular manes used in this manual are consistent with the standardized list of vernacular names for North American freshwater snails recently established by the American Fisheries Society (Turgeon, et al, 1998). Florida Cone (Family) Conidae Distinguishing Characteristics: The Cones are easily identified by the distinctive cone-like shape and a long aperture that reaches up to their shoulder. Female oviparous, never with embryos in uterus. The coloration of the aperture and the embryonic shell is not consistent within single population samples, and the contour of the outer lip is highly variable within single drainage systems and with the age of the specimens examined. (Thompson, 1968). The shell characters given above for separating the families apply only to Florida species. Waccasassa Elimia 149). Clench, W.J., & S. L. H. Fuller. (Thompson, 2000). Shell 2.8-3.7 mm long. Penis with 3 I 0 small papillae around base and 7-15 papillae along right margin in a single row (Fig. About 4.2-4.6 weakly arched whorls with a weakly impressed suture. Slender Walker Campeloma limum The sexes are separate and fertilization is internal (Andrews, 1964). The following key includes all of the species that occur in Florida and some that occur in Alabama, Georgia, and South Carolina. Shell depressed. Three species in Florida were introduced from Southeast Asia. Pseudotryonia brevissimus Vas deferens the only duct present in penis (Fig. Penis with 7-50 papillae along right margin and 1-4 papillae along distal third of left margin (Figs. A review of the recent freshwater limpet snails of North America. 70). Olive NeriteNeritina usnea(Reding, 1798). The reader may be troubled by the imprecise shell characteristics that are used in the key. Sculpture consisting of axial striations only (Fig.147). 105, 106). Length of shell 2.1-2.8 mm (Fig. Periphery of body whorl below middle, side of whorl flattened and sloping toward apex (Fig. Viviparus georgianus 81-83). 117). (Frauenfeld, 1863). Florida authorities believe that the snail, native to eastern Africa, was reintroduced to the state when someone brought it home as a pet. (Vanatta, 1935). Shell with about 4.5-5.0 whorls; about 3.0-4.8 mm long (Fig. This revision follows the classification proposed by Taylor. Prepared by Fred G. Thompson, Fmr. Umbilicus open. Penis with 3 papillae along right margin (Fig. In the event that only shell specimens are available, picture-matching may be necessary to eliminate some choices in the couplets. The lightning whelk ( Busycon sinistrum) is one of the larger univalve snails found in Florida waters. Alexander Siltsnail Size smaller than last species, seldom exceeding 10 mm in width (Figs.194-196). Fossaria is found throughout North America, and in northern Europe. Apical whorls raised to form a point on top of spire. Vail, V. A. (Weatherby, 1879). 101). The shells should be rinsed frequently in tap water during the cleaning process to prevent etching by the acid. MIAMI-DADE, Fla. As if 2020 did not have enough surprises and curveballs, an invasive snail located in the U.S. for the first time was discovered in-- you guessed it, Florida. POMATIOPSIDAE 198, 205). Vas deferens independent of blind caecum and its duct. (Linnaeus, 1758). Whorls of spire pointed and scalariform (steplike with nearly flat shoulders and deep sutures). Florida. Regal Hydrobe Cockscomb Hydrobe Low-dome Physa Formalin will corrode the shell and thereby eliminate color, delicate sculpture, and the periostracum the thin skin coating present on most shells. Freemouth Hydrobe Whorls 4.6-5.3. Aperture widely separated from preceding whorl. Shell sculptured with fine spiral threads. Quarterly Journal of the Florida Acaemy of Sciences, 32: 241-65. Peristome incomplete around aperture. Elimia athearni (Anthony, 1860). Spiral or costate sculpture usually present. It should also be remembered that many groups have not been studied sufficiently, and the reader may have material that adds to or contradicts previously recorded information. Fortunately in Florida, the species are relatively easy to distinguish. Aperture narrow, about half as wide as high. Spire raised and flat-topped. Adults with about 5 whorls, and 10-13 mm wide (Figs.177-179). About fifteen species have been described from North America. 65). Vertical sculpture reduced to irregularly spaced and uneven growth striations or low undulating ribs. Thompson, F. G. 1982. You can also navigate through the images by clicking on the arrows near the left and right edges of the enlarged view. In Florida, the African land snail existed largely in Miami-Dade County, although hundreds of the pests were found in Broward County, specifically western Davie, in 2014. . 1-69. Peristome complete around aperture. Elimia floridensis 162). 32). (Pfeiffer, 1839). Two occur in Florida. Apex very short, only slightly raised above body whorl. Elimia buffyae 202, 208). Viviparus intertextus The LIOPLACINAE is endemic and include Campeloma, Lioplax, and Tulotoma. Shell thin, fragile, very much depressed, less than 0.25 times as high as long. Each: $28.50 M-890 BANDED TULIP SHELL, Fasciolaria lilium A small predatory snail that feeds on clams. 23, 26). 12). Overshadowing this genetic divergence are frequent examples of convergent evolution of similar adult shell characters among distantly related species. Planorbula armigera wheatleyi Shell usually elevated, but variable. 110). In previous editions of the manual the Florida species were placed in the genus Physella. There have been introductions of this species into Argentina, the Atlantic Islands, Australia, Chile, Haiti, Mexico, New Zealand, and . (Thompson & Hershler, 1991). Base of last whorl with prominent spiral ridges. Fighting a new infestation of an invasive, crop-damaging snail, Florida agriculture officials on Thursday said they have collected 1,000 of the creatures in just over a week in Pasco County, where they were recently discovered following two years in abeyance. The species made a return in 2011 and eradication efforts took another ten years. (Haldeman, 1841). The snails identified in Pasco County look different from the ones previously seen in Miami-Dade County: Their flesh is creamy white, rather than grayish brown. Penis as illustrated (Fig. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 86: 29-66. i-xxxvi, 1-530 pls. Outer lip straight in lateral profiles. Whorls rounded, not carinate above; occasionally angular below. Fossaria modicella 1979a. Their siphonal canal is merged with their aperture and called a "siphonal notch". Spiketopped Applesnail Thompson, F.G. 1968. 131). Aperture relatively shorter, about half or less the length of the shell. Melanoides turricula 36). Floridobia mica Combining characteristics of cranes and rails, it . They were detected in 2011 in Miami-Dade County and eradicated again in 2021. Length of shell 2.4-3.4 mm (Fig. (Pfeiffer, 1839). October 14, 2021 7:00 am. 95). Sides of spire straight in lateral profile. Florida Press, Gainesville: i-xv, 1-68; pls. Shell transparent or opaque. Shell coiled to the left, with the aperture on the left side (Figs.147-158). Shell very thin, fragile, transparent. It is most common in Southwest Florida, and northwest Florida. 110, 111, 68). Dasyscia franzi Three species are known from rivers entering northwest Florida from Georgia and Alabama. Many samplings of hydrobiids collected during the period of May through September are not identifiable because only immature forms are present, and important diagnostic anatomical characteristics have not yet developed. Vernacular names are given only for species. Shell planular or disc-shaped; spire flat when raised above succeeding whorls (Figs. Planorbella scalaris Shell conical, olivaceous in color. Walkerana, 13: 1-108. 69). The aquatic snails of the Family Hydrobiidae of peninsular Florida. 140-146). (Thompson, 1968). 3:51. Shell short and stocky. 1, 2). According to the Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services (FDACS), the giant African snail, commonly referred to as GALS by invasive-species aficionados, is native to East Africa . By Ker Than for National Geographic News. Radial striations present on shell but not on apex. (Thompson, 2000). Shell elliptical in shape. 86). This genus contains three species. Penis with different arrangement of papillae than above. Melanoides tuberculata Enterprise Siltsnail) Floridobia monroensis (Dall, 1885). Penis with a few simple scattered superior tubercles on outer surface; parapical crest on a low ridge; accessory crest and inferior crest absent (Fig. Pygmy Siltsnail) Floridobia parva (Thompson, 1968). Only three widely distributed species occur in Florida. All freshwater limpets in the southeast belong to this family. Cymbal Ancylid J. Clench and Ruth P. Turner (1956) published a survey of the fauna from the Suwannee River west to the Escambia River. It has many colorful stripes, colors, and bands on its shell which are usually orange, light orange, dark orange, or yellow. The snails remain a threat in Hawaii and the Caribbean after their eradication in Florida in 2021. All snails in the subfamily Achatininae, including the giant African snail (GAS) (Lissachatina fulica), are regulated plant pests. The Junonia is seldom found, and is considered a special find by beachcombers. 68). Florida announced on Wednesday it has eradicated the African giant land snail - an invasive species that can destroy homes and infect people with meningitis - for the second time. Most species are disc-shaped or planular, as is implied by the name PLANORBIDAE. Ancylid gastropods are small, fragile limpets found in most freshwater habitats. Fingers crossed, it'll stay that way. (Say, 1829). (Gould, 1841). Umbilicus variable. Shell generally elliptical in outline. More data based on many population samples from throughout this range will be necessary before the validity of the three forms can be determined. This manual recognizes 113 species and subspecies that occurring in Florida and the list will increase with time. Size larger, adults 7 mm or more in width. 151, 152). In Pasco County Florida, a quarantine order was issued for people after the re-discovery of the giant African land snail, an invasive species that can harm to humans, structures, and wildlife.

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