Also shows the averagecost to rent farm landor pastures by the acre, by county. Source: BLS, Shows the average retail prices of food, clothing, and fuel prices in Shanghai. 514. Bulletin of the United States Bureau of Labor Statistics, No. Wages are shown in Sweden kronor. Describes the labor policy of Canada in the 1920's and throughout the rest of the early 20th century. An increase in annual vacation pay was also stipulated.Wage Chronology: Bituminous . Must use "search in this text" feature to navigate. Source: U.S. Congressional Serial Set Vol. Since money wage rates of foreign countries have little meaning for economists in America, only the real wage rates are given.", Shows the average hourly and weekly wages of various occupations for both skilled and unskilled laborers. Source: BLS, Shows the daily wages of workers in the glass factories of northern France. During the 1910s and 1920s, minimum wage laws were adopted by a handful of states and generally applied only to women and children. Shows the daily wages of Chilean miners between 1911 and 1924 in both pesos and the U.S. dollar. Each table spans 2 book pages, and row labels only show on even-numbered pages. Rompers, night gowns, baby shoes, accessories (diapers, baby bottles, etc. Jump directly to prices for: meats and eggs, butter, cheese, milk, bread and flour, corn meal, rice, potatoes, granulated sugar, coffee and tea, onions, navy beans, prunes, raisins, canned salmon, evaporated milk, margarine, lard, oats, corn flakes, wheat cereal, macaroni, canned baked beans, canned corn, canned peas, canned tomatoes, bananas, oranges, and more. Source: BLS, Shows the retail prices of foodstuffs and other necessities throughout different areas of Denmark such as Copenhagen. Earnings and prices are shown in Swiss francs. White familiesspent an average $103.71/yearon medical care around 1928-1931. Wages are shown in yen. Handkerchiefs, slippers, watches, umbrellas, hair brushes and combs, Christmas decorations. Source: BLS. Use "search in this text" feature to navigate (or contact us for assistance). Shows annual salaries for all school personnel in Texas without breakouts for occupation, years of training, years of experience, etc. Gasoline cost an average21.7 per gallon in 1929. In some cases, when word came around that a miner had been scolded or punished by a boss, workers would gather on a pile of slate to talk about the incident, and the bolder ones with a manly bearing toward the boss would speak up for their fellow worker. ), athletic gear, boxing, baseball, & tennis supplies, Prices of articles bought by farmers, 1909-1924, Prices paid by farmers for household items, 1910-1960, Clothing prices paid by farmers, 1910-1960, Women's clothing catalog - B. Altman & Co., Summer 1920. In 1900 almost 2 percent of Americans were coal miners. After checking in, they climbed up a steep trail from the office to the portal of a mine. Tells cost of public transportation and railway fares as well. Source: U.S. BLS Bulletin, No. Fearful of the danger, frightened by the blackest darkness he could imagine, and repelled by the coal dust that clung to him like a layer of skin, Washington vowed to get an education and rise out of the coal pits, just as he had risen up from slavery.. Knickerbockers, shirts, high school boy's suits, boy's fine suits, overcoats, winter coats, jackets, pajamas, rain coats, caps and hats, shoes. 523. A mail order catalog for the Fall/Winter season, 1920-1921. Survey covered only white families over a certain. Between 12th and 14th Streets Shows the average monthly wages of multiple occupation in the Alaskan fishing industry. The region's first coal miners primarily were African Americans, both enslaved and free. Salt operators eventually hired more white or free-black laborers due to the risk of investing money in bondsmen, who frequently were killed or injured in the mines. Source: This table provides average yearly wages per industry or trade type, including transportation, education and agriculture, among others. Source: U.S. Department of Commerce. Source: the Historian of the U.S. Compares 1927 and 1913 earnings. An experienced miner would often work calmly under conditions that would terrify a novice, wrote a veteran of the bituminous mines. Wages are shown in Danish ore. Compares average retail prices for grocery items in independent stores and in chain stores. After the Civil War, industrialization meant a nearly limitless demand for anthracite and bituminous coal, and hundreds of thousands of new jobs . Salary data for judges inNY, PA, NJ and CT. In the hand-loading era, an underground miners workplace, usually called a room, was only as high as the coal seam. Table shows average tax by acre for each state in 1929. Provides detailed breakouts by occupation. The miners called this unpaid labor company work.. For easier browsing, the information is. Source: BLS. 664. 297. Wages are shown in Brazilian milreis. $30.30. Shows the average daily wages of various occupations in Athens and Piraeus. Shows wage data by manufacturing categories for 1914, 1919, 1921, and 1923. Wages are shown in Spanish pesetas. Every day his lifes in danger, Source: Cost of living and family expenditures in Kentucky, Tennessee and Texas. Retail prices for brick, cement, lumber of various kinds, window glass, shingles, nails and more. Coal mining is a dangerous job requiring skill and judgment. Workers, Kohinoor mine, Shenandoah, Pennsylvania, 1884, Managers, Kohinoor mine, Shenandoah, Pennsylvania, 1884. Article compares the cost of renting versus buying a home in 1928. The legislature rejected all proposals for reform, however. Includes breakouts for those who lived with the family and those who did not. The regions first coal miners primarily were African Americans, both enslaved and free. House paints, paint brushes, doors & windows, wrench sets, home improvement tools, steel safes, fencing, garden tools, wrenches & other assorted tools, water pumps, plows, milk cans, gasoline-powered generators. Managers liked immigrants because they worked for low wages. Bicycles, binoculars, footballs & basketball supplies, ice skates, athletic gear, boxing, baseball, & tennis supplies, fishing tackle, camping gear, guns. Source: U.S. BLS Bulletin #682, chapter 9: "Monthly earnings of professional engineers," pp. Mule drivers and trapper boys like Frank Keeney set out at six oclock every morning with the adult miners, who each carried a pick and auger, a can of black blasting powder, fuses, and a tamping rod. Every three or four hundred feet, passageways were cut, creating narrower, corridor-like rooms that led to a coal face where each miner and his buddy worked in their own room. The colliers left large pillars of coal standing as they cut the face forward and sideways through breakthroughs that led to parallel rooms. Source: The tables show pay for employees engaged in the manufacture of automobiles, trucks, car bodies and parts. Regardless of what their state government might or might not do to protect them, the miners of West Virginia had to rely on themselves and their buddies, rather than on company fire bosses and state mine inspectors, whose numbers were few and whose visits were infrequent. Source: Shows the weekly wages of various occupations in Vienna. Boys younger than 12 often worked beside their fathers underground because, in many communities, it was the only paying job available. Frank Keeney wanted to be a first-class tonnage man because he needed to support his widowed mother and two sisters, along with his new wife, a fair teenager named Bessie Meadows, an Eskdale girl who wanted to become a schoolteacher. Prices on pp. 365-372. Source: BLS. Source: American Druggist, January 1923 issue. Source: BLS, Shows the average retail prices of foodstuffs in Madrid and Barcelona. This bibliography lists reports that show income, budgets, consumer expenditures, etc. Includes wage data for Chicago as well. Owners claimed property rights and managerial entitlements over the workplace. Miners left their pits to fight the attempt of the Thatcher government to close the collieries, break the miners' union and the labour movement in general, and open the way to a free market economy in which deregulated financial capitalism would be set free by the Big Bang of 1986. On one hand, the miners discipline and death-defying courage made them ideal industrial soldiers; on the other hand, the qualities the men forged in underground combat with the elementsbravery, fraternal fealty, and group solidarityhardened them for aboveground combat with their employers. Shows data for unskilled male laborers in each of 13 industries, as well as an overall average. The miners world was dark and dangerous. Prices are shown in Latvian rubles. The industry has been in slow decline ever since, compounded along the way by the rise of steam engines, mechanized extraction methods, and competition from oil and natural gas, and now renewable energy. Source: BLS. Shows wages paid on American, Belgian, British, Danish, Dutch, French, Spanish and Swedish cargo ships, by occupations including seamen, engineers, first mates, second mates, radio operators, boatswains, firemen, coal passers, stewards, cooks, waiters, messmen, mess boys, carpenters, deck engineers, quartermasters, store keepers, donkey men, and more. Shows average wages alongside a cost of living index for Germany between 1929-1942. Prices are shown in Swiss francs. Wages are shown in Latvian rubles. Compares wage rates and hours of work for the WWI and WWII eras, focusing specifically on the manufacturing, mining, railroad, printing and maritime industries, as well as farm labor wages. The wage data is broken out by sex. West Virginias mine safety laws were the weakest in the nation. First, the men had topush an empty coal car up wooden rails that they had installed on their own time. But to those who suffered alone in silence, the chorus offered hope and strength: Union miners, stand together! A settlement was reached when the coal board added an extra pound to wage rates after two-and-a-half days' intensive negotiations at the industry's London headquarters. See also "C" tab above for carpenters, cement workers, etc. By 2003 that number had dipped to just 70,000. Covers more than 1,200 cities. Farm laborers in Missouri earned an average $41.90/month in 1921. As a rule he is paid so much per car, and a definite number of cars constitute a day's workthe number varying in different minesaveraging from five to seven, equaling from twelve to fifteen tons of coal. Shows average dollar amount spent annually in categories such as food, clothing, maintenance of health, personal goods, furniture and more. More passenger air fares from other sources: Household items: Source: Shows wages, hours and earnings for mechanics, pipe fitters, welders, tinsmiths derrick men, drillers, firemen, engineers and more. Source: BLS, Shows prices of dozens of food and grocery items, soap, coal, wood by the cord, matches by the box and, Shows the amount spent by a typical Canadian family on food, laundry, fuel/lighting, and rent over time. PRICES in FOREIGN COUNTRIES, WAGES -- GENERAL SOURCES (all occupations and worker types), WAGES in AIRPLANE and AIRCRAFT MANUFACTURING, 1920s. The 1920 Montgomery Ward mail order catalog showed the price of. Telephones, radios, cameras, kitchen ranges, home electric appliances, record players, music records, sewing machines, fabrics, clothes washers, laundry supplies, vacuum sweepers. Source: BLS, Bulletin of the United States Bureau of Labor Statistics, No. Source: page 13 in. Source: BLS, Shows the daily wages for various occupations in Tokyo. The lack of market for coal during the depression had stepped in to push aside both miners and operators as principals in collective bargaining. Source: BLS Bulletin no. Source: BLS, Shows the earnings over different times for both government employees and manual workers in Hamburg. Besides know-how, the miners depended upon instinct and luck. No. ), carriages, cribs, high chairs, etc. Wages are shown in French francs. In 1928, halfof all families had a combined family income of $2000 or less. Immigrants in southern West Virginia comprised some 25 nationalities, including Italians, Hungarians, Poles, Austrians and Russians. Includes both land and buildings. Report published in 1923 tells wages by race and by industry. The workday ended at 5:30 in the evening when the sunlight had already faded over the mountains. $180 - $5k. Wages shown in 1930 US dollars. Wages are shown in both US and English currency. Retreat mining was a risky business, but at least the miners engineered these cave-ins. Girl's: Wages are shown in Austrian kronen. There was little prospect then that coal would be in demand as it is today or that the daily wage of miners would be multiplied 8 to 10 times by 1974. Shows forty pages of incomedata with numerous breakouts. Boys labored inside, sorting coal by size and removing rock. Source: BLS, Shows the retail prices of food and commodities in various cities throughout south Manchuria. Safety sign in eight languages, about 1910. Source: Women's Bureau Bulletin #25. Boys discovered that serious men turned into jokers when they toiled underground. The union was very important to miners. Wages are shown in contemporary U.S. dollars. Source: Hotel rates can often be found within the advertisements throughout the pages of the. By the 1940s, the United Mine Workers union had established better wages and somewhat safer conditions for miners, though a contentious relationship between workers and bosses persisted. Wages are listed in Mexican currency with exchange rate for calculating amounts in U.S. dollars. Source: BLS Monthly Labor Review (July 1930). One threat the animals and birds could detect was the odor of gas that oozed from the ancient vegetation compacted over the ages. The Miners' Strike of 1984 was a turning point in British history. Acquiring a sense of humor helped mask a workers dread of the mine, but joking was no substitute for learning how to be careful. Engineers used anemometers to measure airflow within mines. Source: Shows wages by occupation in Belfast, Cork, Glasgow, Dundee, Cardiff, London, Manchester and more. Source: BLS, Shows the average daily wage in both yen and US dollars. Wages are shown in Brazilian milreis. Shows the average daily wages Greek workers were receiving in metal mines, lignite mines, smelting and refining plants, and quarries. Fixtures, chamberpots, bathroom soaps, towels, toilet paper. But the chorus of foreign languages confirmed managements fears that companies were slipping out of control. Wages are shown in shillings. Then, with their lamps casting a dim yellow light on the dark hillside, the men and boys disappeared one by one into the hole, like ants entering a colony. A strong, skilled coal loader might fill five or more cars in a day. Report published in 1927 includes extensive wage data for women in Tennessee by race, industry, education, and more, circa 1925. The mine foreman was legally responsible for safety. Retreat mining required the rapid destruction of these pillars, each containing tons of valuable coal, before the mine collapsed. Source: BLS. $32k - $76k. Dollars. College professor salaries, 1928 (Source: AAUP report). Shows the daily wages of various common and low-skill occupations like building laborers, canners, and rice mill workers throughout the state. Board a ship to cross the wave; Source: AAUP report. "In this region, I presume that a fee of $200 would be a pretty fair estimate of the surgeon's charge for operation and the after-treatment there would be between the operation and the death of the patient." Coal diggers gave up some of their hard-earned pay to aid fellow miners when they were sick or injured, and when a mine exploded, they risked their lives to rescue the survivors trapped inside. Data is separated by sex and age. Inside workers are further classified as (1) miners and laborers who cut and load coal onto conveyors or into mine cars, and (2) all other employees whose occupations relate to transportation, timbering, pumping, ventilation, and other general underground work. Source: For each college, this table shows tuition for residents and non-residents by course of study. Wages are shown in French francs. Many of the reports can be found in. After the top fell, they returned to break and load the fallen coal before another layer of the top came crashing down with a tremendous roar. Covers Great Britain, France, Belgium, Germany, Sweden, Norway, Switzerland, Italy and Austria. Before the 1930s, many boys worked in mines. Shows wages for common and semi-skilled workers in manufacturing and construction industries, in baking, agriculture, metal and printing trades. Source: BLS, Shows wages of various industrial and agricultural gender, in both Romanian leu and contemporary U.S. dollars. Source: BLS, Shows the daily wages and hours of workers in 4 different industries in Madrid. for rural households in the U.S. and selected foreign countries. Describes the labor policy of Mexico in the 1920's and throughout the rest of the early 20th century. Average earnings by occupation and districts. Part of a section on Negro women's wages. Source: Shows the average hourly wages for various occupation both in and outside of Paris. He also absorbed the habits and traditions that gave pick and shovel miners a remarkable degree of freedom. Wages shown in 1930 US dollars. Postal Service. The pit closures the miners had fought so hard to prevent began in earnest. Discussion covers the history of minimum wage legislation in Australia, New Zealand, Great Britain, Canada, South Africa, Mexico, France, Norway, Argentina, Germany, Spain, Switzerland, Austria, Czechoslovakia, Uruguay, Hungary, Poland, Italy, and Rumania (Romania) up to 1928. Total Pay. "A good hotel room costs only $4-5 per day while a hospital charges $6 and $7." The following two tables shows the average daily earnings of industrial and building workers by occupation as well as in Moscow, Leningrad, and the Ural mountain region. Shows the average retail prices of staple foodstuffs in Sao Paulo, Brazil. An open flame provided the only light, and the cloth cap barely kept lamp soot away. Bonus. Self-respecting craftsmen were even known to stop working when a foreman came by to inspect their room. See answers (2) Best Answer. Coal Miners Between 1880 and 1920, southern West Virginia's population grew from 93,000 to 446,000, due almost entirely to the coal industry. Shows monthly wages based on the ocean routes traveled: San Francisco to points west, and New York City to points south and east.

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